How to Write a Script in Standard American English
Crafting a compelling and engaging script is a fundamental skill for any aspiring screenwriter or filmmaker. Standard American English (SAE) serves as the industry-standard language for screenplays, ensuring clarity, consistency, and accessibility for audiences and industry professionals alike. Here’s a comprehensive guide to writing a script in SAE, complete with an informative FAQ section:
1. Formatting and Structure
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Font: Use Courier New, Courier Final Draft, or another monospaced font in 12-point size.
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Page Layout: Each page should be 8.5" x 11" with 1-inch margins on all sides.
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Scene Heading: Every scene begins with a scene heading, formatted as follows:
- INT. LOCATION – DAY/NIGHT
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Character Names: Write the character’s name in capital letters at the beginning of each line of dialogue.
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Dialogue: Indent the dialogue 3.5 inches from the left margin.
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Parentheticals: Use parentheticals within the dialogue to indicate a character’s tone, emotion, or action.
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Action Lines: Describe the visual and aural elements of the scene in brief, concise sentences.
2. Character Development
- Create Relatable Characters: Audiences should be able to connect with your characters on an emotional level. Develop their motivations, backstories, and unique traits.
- Use Diverse Characters: Include characters from different backgrounds, cultures, and perspectives to ensure inclusivity and authenticity.
- Avoid Stereotypes: Steer clear of overused or stereotypical characterizations that can limit the depth of your story.
3. Plotting and Story Structure
- Establish a Clear Logline: Craft a brief, one-sentence summary of your script that captures its core concept and conflict.
- Prepare an Outline: Map out the major plot points, including the introduction, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution.
- Follow Storytelling Conventions: Adhere to established storytelling principles, such as the three-act structure and the hero’s journey, to create a cohesive and satisfying narrative.
4. Dialogue and Subtext
- Write Naturalistic Dialogue: Characters should speak in a manner that feels authentic and reflects their personalities.
- Use Subtext: Convey unspoken emotions and motivations through dialogue that suggests more than it explicitly states.
- Avoid Monologues: Long speeches can break the flow of the story and bore the audience. Keep dialogue concise and impactful.
5. Screenplay Elements
- Title Page: Include the script’s title, writer’s name, and contact information.
- Synopsis: Provide a brief overview of the story, including the main characters and conflict.
- Scene Transitions: Use transitions such as CUT TO, FADE OUT, and DISSOLVE TO to indicate the passage of time or change of location.
- Camera Directions: Use camera directions sparingly to convey specific shots or camera movements.
- Music Cues: Indicate when music should play or stop using [MUSIC START] and [MUSIC END].
FAQ:
Q: Can I use contractions in my script?
A: Yes, contractions are acceptable in SAE screenwriting. They create a more natural and conversational tone.
Q: How do I indicate emphasis in dialogue?
A: Use italics to emphasize words or phrases within the dialogue.
Q: What is the proper way to write sound effects?
A: Write sound effects in all capital letters within square brackets, e.g., [DOOR CREAKS].
Q: How do I format a character’s name if it is mentioned in the action line?
A: If a character’s name is referenced in the action line, write it in parentheses and lowercase, e.g., (John speaks).
Q: Can I use screenplay software to write my script?
A: Yes, screenplay software can simplify the formatting and consistency of your script.
Conclusion:
Mastering the art of writing a script in Standard American English will empower you to communicate your stories effectively and engage audiences. By adhering to these guidelines and leveraging the resources available to you, you can craft compelling and memorable screenplays that capture the imagination and leave a lasting impact.
